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Monday, February 25, 2019

Venezuela: Backfire

VENEZUELA

The Backfire

Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro’s latest move to block aid from entering the country looks to be spurring rather than deterring foreign intervention in the political crisis gripping Caracas.
After violent clashes between Venezuelan troops and opposition protesters over the weekend at the country’s borders resulted in at least four deaths and hundreds of injuries, US Vice President Mike Pence is set to announce “concrete steps” and “clear actions” to deal with the situation at a meeting with regional leaders in Bogota Monday and later Venezuelan opposition leader Juan Guaido, Reuters reported.
Following Maduro’s decision to deploy soldiers at border checkpoints to prevent aid from entering the country, skirmisheserupted in several locations, with government forces using tear gas and rubber bullets to disperse the crowds. As many as 60 Venezuelan soldiers also defected to the opposition.

Saturday, February 23, 2019

Venezuela: A Military Leader's Break With Maduro Hints At An Amnesty

https://worldview.stratfor.com/article/venezuela-military-leaders-break-maduro-hints-amnesty-deal-guaido-maduro

A Baker's True Colors Fly With Argentina Alfajores And Queer Tango

FOOD

A baker’s true colors fly with Argentine alfajores and queer tango

Andreas Ozzuna takes asado seriously. Which is surprising, because Ozzuna is actually a baker, the owner of Wooden Table Baking Co. and Wooden Table Cafe in Oakland, where the specialty is Argentinian sweets like alfajores and conitos.
But the importance of asado becomes clear in the center of Ozzuna’s lower Oakland hills backyard, which is gorgeously landscaped with large stepping stones and shrubs. For there sits an Argentine parrilla, a wood-fired grill hand-built from cement, bricks and a cast iron grate.
Ozzuna — who prefers the pronouns “they” and “them” — stands proudly at the parrilla on a sunny day that makes you forget it’s winter, patiently charring tri tip, a whole chicken with cut lemons and a dozen butternut squash halves, while friends chat happily over red wine and cheese. “The key to an asado is that it takes a really long time,” they say jokingly. “All day.”
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In South America and Ozzuna’s native Argentina, asado refers to both the tradition of grilling meat over a fire, as well as the social event itself. “Asado is more a ritual than a simple food,” says Graciela Montaldo, professor of Latin American cultures at Columbia University in New York. “It’s a strong tradition from the Argentine pampas (the fertile South American lowlands), where gauchos would kill a cow in the middle of the desert to cook and eat.
“Today, asados are for special occasions, like weekends, birthdays and celebrations.”
While growing up in San Isidro, just outside of Buenos Aires, Ozzuna’s maternal grandfather worked as an asador, cooking asados for wealthy clients. Their grandparents would host family asados during holidays and celebrations, using animals raised on their land.
Here in the Bay Area, asado takes on even more importance for Ozzuna. For them, it’s a place for community, acceptance and queer tango.
Above: Ozzuna (right rear) and friends toast at the asado in Oakland. Below: But the centerpiece of the evening is the alfajor cake, torta alfajor rogel.
Photo: Celeste Noche / Special to The Chronicle
Ozzuna immigrated to San Francisco in 1998 at age 28, partly because life as an LBGTQ person in Argentina was difficult. (Note: This has changed since they moved. Argentina legalized gay marriage in 2010, before the U.S.). Ozzuna was born female and came out as gay at age 15. At the time, they weren’t accepted by their family — another thing that has since changed. They currently identify as nonbinary and prefer gender-neutral pronouns.
“Back then, gay people didn’t exist in Argentina. You had to hide,” they explain. “I was arrested in a gay bar there and held for a while, so when I came to San Francisco and hung out in the Castro, I would hide when I saw cops. I was scared.”
It was here where Ozzuna found their chosen family, a group of queer women, including a few Argentine immigrants, their wife, Citabria, and their very social French bulldog, Olive. This monthly asado, Ozzuna explains, is a celebration of everything they were rejected for in Argentina. “It’s important to keep me going,” they say.
“All of us at the table are queer, many are immigrants and we’re intersectional,” says Ozzuna’s friend and fellow Argentine immigrant Julieta Barcaglioni.
For Ozzuna, no asado is complete without dessert. Their bakery business, Wooden Table, centers around alfajores, which they learned to bake from their abu (abuela, or grandma). Alfajores are Arabic in origin and spread from Spain. In Argentinia, they are often made from two soft shortbread cookies sandwiched with dulce de leche and rolled in coconut flakes. At the bakery, they like to experiment with flavors, including lemon ginger, snickerdoodles and chipotle chocolate.
A multilayered alfajor cake, torta alfajor rogel, is the centerpiece of dinner and asado with Andreas Ozzuna.
Photo: Celeste Noche / Special to The Chronicle
But today’s dessert is as Argentine as it gets: torta alfajor rogel. Essentially, it’s a giant, multilayered alfajor cake made with thin, crispy cookie discs and topped with dollops of Italian meringue, a nod to Argentina’s large Italian population. It’s the same recipe that Abu would make for birthdays and celebrations. It was nostalgia from growing up cooking and baking with Abu that inspired them to make the switch from geology to baking in 2011, so the cake is a fitting tribute to Abu.
To assemble the cake, Ozzuna cradles a massive pastry bag filled with pounds of dulce de leche. “It’s like a big, fat baby,” they say. “It’s a lot of dulce.”
“No such thing!” shouts Barcaglioni. Ozzuna’s arms start to shake from the strain of trying to extrude the dulce from the bag as Barcaglioni cheers them on, yelling “Esa! Esa!” Another friend, Florencia ManĆ³vil, joins the cheering section as Ozzuna finishes the meringue topping and uses a small blowtorch to brown it.
Barcaglioni points to herself and ManĆ³vil. “We are all Argentinian, immigrants and queer, we all immigrated in 1998, and it’s really special,” she says, highlighting the ways that Ozzuna has created an Argentine queer community in the Bay Area.
After dinner, an evening of tango at the home of Andreas Ozzuna of Wooden Table Baking Co.
Photo: Celeste Noche /Special to The Chronicle
The night ends the way it always does, with a bit of queer tango. Ozzuna met their wife, Citabria, in the local dance community, and she teaches lessons in a dance studio in their backyard. As guests change their shoes, Ozzuna’s friend Karen Lubisch talks about a Berkeley group she started seven years ago called Abrazo Queer Tango. Ozzuna and friends are members, but the concept of queer tango isn’t one I’m familiar with. Ozzuna’s friend and professional dance partner, Ginger Daniel, explains: “Queer tango is an opportunity to disrupt the heteronormative rules of tango, who leads and follows. We’re bucking the patriarchy and system through dancing.”
As Ozzuna leads with Citabria, several other female partners join, embracing and moving with the music.
Tango is more than a hobby for Ozzuna — it’s a passion. With Daniel, they won a bronze in tango in the Gay Olympics last year.
“There was a time when I didn’t feel comfortable announcing who I was as a business owner,” Ozzuna says. “But today, it’s on the window of the cafe: immigrant-run, LGBTQ owned. I’m proud of that.”
Wooden Table: 2300 Broadway, Oakland. www.woodentablebaking.com. 8 a.m.-7 p.m. Monday-Friday; 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. Saturday, and until 5 p.m. Sunday.
Leena Trivedi-Grenier is a freelance writer living in the Bay Area. Email: food@sfchronicle.com Twitter: @Leena_Eats

A guide to Argentine treats and rebellious pastries

Alfajor: This is the treat Wooden Table Baking Co. is known for. Arabic in origin, spread by Spain and l

Friday, February 22, 2019

President Bolsanaro Tackles Brasil's Pension Problems

https://www.economist.com/the-americas/2019/02/23/jair-bolsonaro-tackles-brazils-pensions-problem?cid1=cust/dailypicks/n/bl/n/20190221n/owned/n/n/dailypicks/n/n/na/205504/n

Tuesday, February 19, 2019

Cuba: A Capricious Coquette

CUBA

A Capricious Coquette

Britain’s Prince Charles is scheduled to visit Cuba in the spring, a rare visit of a royal to a country whose communist ideology opposes monarchy. (His ancestors avoided visiting the Soviet Union because the Bolsheviks murdered their relatives, the Romanovs, in the Russian revolution.)
Charles will see vintage cars and, as the Guardian wrote, likely eat cassava bread – though maybe not “Moros y Cristianos,” or Moors and Christians, a politically incorrect term for rice and beans.
The trip comes as Cuba undergoes momentous changes.
On Feb. 24, Cubans will vote on a new constitution. The proposed document will retain the supremacy of the Communist Party and state control of the economy. However, it will legalize private property and businesses that have been popping up throughout the Caribbean island in recent years, open the door to more foreign investment, and potentially hasten the acceptance of same-sex marriage, Reuters reported.
Even before the former dictator Fidel Castro fell ill and died in 2016, Cuban officials had been loosening their control of the economy and civil society. Acknowledging the changes but stressing the country has not yet entirely sloughed off its totalitarian past, the United States opened an embassy on the island in 2015.
To be clear, the Cuban government is still oppressive.
Security agents have arrested and mistreated activists who oppose the new constitution because, they argue, it legitimizes the current government of RaĆŗl Castro, Fidel’s 87-year-old brother, who stepped down as president last year but still wields power as head of the Communist Party.
“During the detention they punched me in the stomach, took me outside with handcuffs put on really tight, shoved me around and hit me on the head a couple of times,” dissident JosĆ© Daniel Ferrertold the Miami Herald. “They told me clearly that it was a response to the campaign against the constitution.”
In an op-ed in the Miami Herald, Outreach Aid to the Americas President Teo Babun also argued that the new constitution fails to enshrine freedom of religion in the country.
The constitution symbolizes the contradiction at the heart of Cuban society, wrote Elizabeth Gonzalez of the Americas Society/Council of the Americas.
It would empower President Miguel DĆ­az-Canel – widely viewed as Castro’s successor in waiting – to make further changes. DĆ­az-Canel, 58, is a “Twitter personality and proponent of technological innovation,” wrote Gonzalez. But he also promotes the hashtag #WeAreContinuity, emphasizing how his designs are in keeping with the ideas of older revolutionaries.
DĆ­az-Canel, for example, recently said the new constitution would defend Cuba’s “sovereignty, independence and dignity,” wrotePrensa Latina, the country’s state-run news service. He’s not talking about democracy and civil rights.
Still, the winds of change are blowing in Cuba. What they bring in and out of the country could be historic.

Thursday, February 14, 2019

Guatemala: Crying For Justice

GUATEMALA

A Cry for Justice

Indigenous survivors of war crimes committed during Guatemala’s 36-year civil war filed an injunction Wednesday seeking to block an amnesty bill that would allow the soldiers who raped them – as well as other war criminals — to go free.
Thirty-six women of the Maya Achi group filed the injunction to try to prevent the amnesty bill from moving forward and stopping the ongoing trial against six men accused of raping them in a military base in the early 1980s, Al Jazeera reported. If the amnesty bill passes, their case is among many that will be closed.
Initially proposed in 2017, the bill passed its first reading and vote last month, the news channel said. A second of three readings was on the agenda for the Wednesday session of Congress, but it was bumped from the schedule and a new date has not yet been announced.
The bill would offer a blanket amnesty to more than 30 men convicted of war crimes, as well as those in pre-trial detention, and put a stop to current and future cases.
Around 200,000 people were killed and another 40,000 were disappeared during the conflict between the army and leftist guerillas. More than 80 percent of those killed were indigenous Mayan civilians.

Tuesday, February 12, 2019

Mexico: A Land Of Waiting

CENTRAL AMERICA

A Land of Waiting

Wearing his red and white “Make Tijuana Great Again” hat, Mayor Juan Manuel GastĆ©lum recently described Central American migrants as “pot smokers, bums and bad people,” according to Fox News.
He has refused to apologize for his incendiary remarks and has appealed a Mexican court ruling barring him from making more derogatory comments about migrants, the San Diego Union-Tribune reported.
The “Trump of Tijuana,” as Slate called him, has made his stance on the thousands of migrants who have stopped in his city on their way to the United States a major plank in his re-election bid.
The subject is probably a better talking point on the campaign trail than the 2,009 homicides that San Diego’s local NBC affiliate saidoccurred in the border town last year, an increase from around 1,650 in 2017.
In a sense, the migrants’ presence has stimulated crime and corruption in Mexico, USA Today reported. Turned away at the border, they desperately scrounge up around $5,000 per person to pay smugglers to bring them into the US illegally while avoiding criminal gangs who might kidnap and ransom them.
The American policy of “Remain in Mexico” – currently applied only at the San Ysidro border crossing between Tijuana and San Diego – sends Central American asylum seekers back to the Mexican city to stay as authorities decide their applications. The policy, officially called the Migration Protection Protocols, could make the crisis south of the border worse as more people arrive, Al Jazeera argued.
The problem is already ballooning in Piedras Negras, a Mexican town across the Rio Grande from Eagle Pass, Texas. Customs and Border Protection officials can only process 20 people a day from Piedras Negras, NBC News reported. A total of 1,800 asylum seekers are sleeping in a shelter as they await processing.
Maverick County Sheriff Tom Schmerber recently visited the shelter. He and others were readying for any potential breakdowns in public safety, in case the migrants in the shelter grow restive.
Last month, signaling a commitment to migrants’ rights, Mexican President AndrĆ©s Manuel LĆ³pez Obrador offered humanitarian visas to citizens from crime-ridden Central American countries like El Salvador and Honduras, allowing them to travel and work around Mexico.
A caravan of 12,000 Central Americans set out for Mexico soon after the open-door policy was announced. The government responded by shuttering the program, noted United Press International.
Now, many migrants feel as if the US and Mexico are “playing with their lives,” wrote PRI.
While some migrants are confused or shocked over the new and sometimes-flip-flopping policies, most understand they will be waiting, and waiting, and waiting.
“We obviously would rather be in the United States and waiting, but if we have to wait, we will,” a Salvadoran named Juli, 24, told PRI. “The gangs threatened us, and all five of us living in the house left within a day. What’s our alternative?”

Venezuela: Delivering The Goods

VENEZUELA

Delivering the Goods

Venezuelan opposition leader Juan Guaido said Monday his supporters had delivered the first humanitarian aid to the public after the government of President Nicolas Maduro had acted to block such shipments.
Tweeting a picture of himself surrounded by vitamins and nutritional supplements, Guaido said his team had delivered the first cargo of humanitarian aid “on a small scale,” Reuters reported.
By now, the US and many other nations have recognized Guaido as Venezuela’s rightful leader. But Maduro is still clinging to power and claims the aid shipments are part of a US strategy to undermine and overthrow him.
Meanwhile, Bloomberg reported that sources close to Maduro said his aides are drawing up contingency plans for him to flee the country if it becomes necessary. Cuba, Russia and Turkey are among the more obvious possible destinations. But Mexico, too, has come up, the agency said.
Welcoming him could be more problematic for some than for others, however. Were he to go to Cuba, for instance, that could give Washington an excuse to push ahead measures targeting Havana for encouraging state-sponsored terrorism.

Friday, February 8, 2019

Venezuela: A Tipping Point?

VENEZUELA

A Tipping Point?

How long can it go on this way in Venezuela?
The economy contracted by 18 percent last year and by a third between 2013 and 2017, according to Al Jazeera. Inflation could hit 10 million percent – that’s not a typo – this summer. Three million people have left the country since 2015.
“The public health system is in ruins,” wrote Al Jazeera. “Life-saving medicines, electricity and clean water are in short supply. Food is scarce. Malnutrition is widespread.”
Now a full-fledged political crisis has struck the country.
Last month, as NPR explained, National Assembly leader Juan GuaidĆ³ declared that he was interim president under Venezuelan law. He was probably right, argued Lawfare, a blog published in cooperation with the Brookings Institution.
Still, the move was undoubtedly a political challenge to President NicolƔs Maduro.
GuaidĆ³ made his move after around one million Venezuelans took to the streets following his call for demonstrations against Maduro’s rule. He wanted to make sure the people backed him. Further putting pressure on Maduro, the US, Argentina, Brazil, Canada and other countries also recognized GuaidĆ³.
Maduro is a follower of Hugo Chavez, the socialist leader whoimproved the country’s social welfare system but left it exceedingly vulnerable to low oil prices, setting the stage for the country’s troubles today. But Chavez and Maduro also solidified their cabal’s control over the government. Maduro is not inclined to leave.
GuaidĆ³ has acknowledged that he needs one more constituency to oust Maduro: the military. He’s offered commanders and their troops amnesty for crimes they have committed under the incumbent president if they turn on their leader.
“The military’s withdrawal of support from Mr. Maduro is crucial to enabling a change in government, and the majority of those in service agree that the country’s recent travails are untenable,” hewrote in an extraordinary op-ed in the New York Times.
The military has yet to act, though rank-and-file soldiers have been deserting in droves since before Guaido’s plea, Bloomberg noted.
The US is ramping up the pressure. Citgo, one of the largest petroleum refiners in the US, is owned by Venezuela’s state oil company. With facilities in Texas, Louisiana and Illinois, it has provided Maduro with foreign cash and chemicals needed to process Venezuelan oil. But US sanctions require the US-based company to put its profits into a US bank that Maduro can’t access, the Washington Post reported.
Abraham Lowenthal, founding director of the nonpartisan Wilson Center’s Latin American Program, noted that the US can’t change Venezuela single-handedly. In an NBC News opinion piece, he said the US and other nations could facilitate change by promising aid if and when Maduro goes.
Lowenthal’s suggestion is one of many floating around. The point is, plan for change.

Thursday, February 7, 2019

Venezuela: Self Inflicted Blockade

VENEZUELA

Self-inflicted Blockade

The government of Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro blocked a bridge linking the country with Colombia to prevent the delivery of humanitarian aid that has been demanded by the opposition.
Last week, opposition leader Juan Guaido, who has declared himself Maduro’s interim replacement, called for international aid to be delivered via the blocked bridge and two other waypoints, CNN reported. But despite shortages of food and medicine resulting from the country’s economic turmoil, Maduro has rejected the assistance, saying, “We are not beggars.”
CNN noted it’s also possible Maduro may be concerned the aid shipments might be used to camouflage an invasion to depose him.
After a tanker truck and two shipping containers were positioned to block the bridge linking Venezuela with Cucuta, Colombia, US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo slammed Maduro on Twitter for depriving his country’s people of humanitarian assistance, the Washington Post reported.
“The Venezuelan people desperately need humanitarian aid,” Pompeo tweeted. “The Maduro regime must LET THE AID REACH THE STARVING PEOPLE.”

Wednesday, February 6, 2019

Costa Rica: Me Dos

COSTA RICA

Me, Dos

Former Costa Rican President Oscar Arias, a Nobel Peace Prize laureate, faces accusations from a nuclear disarmament activist that he sexually assaulted her in 2014 during a meeting at his home.
The criminal complaint accuses him of rape, the Associated Pressreported. Arias denies the charges.
“I have never acted in disrespect of the will of any woman,” Arias said in a brief statement in which he also emphasized his work on behalf of gender equality.
President of Costa Rica from 1986 to 1990 and 2006 to 2010, Arias received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1987 for his efforts to end civil wars in nearby Central American nations. He is still one of the most powerful figures in Costa Rica, where he runs a foundation that promotes peace and democracy, the New York Times said.
His accuser, Alexandra Arce von Herold, said he touched her breasts and penetrated her with his fingers without her consent.

Monday, February 4, 2019

Brasil: Bannon Bossa Nova

BRAZIL

Bannon Bossanova

Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro’s son Eduardo, who is a member of the country’s Congress, has joined former Donald Trump adviser Steve Bannon’s Europe-based rightwing populist group, The Movement, as its Latin America representative.
“We will work with him to reclaim sovereignty from progressive globalist elitist forces and expand common sense nationalism for all citizens of Latin America,” Eduardo Bolsonaro said in a statement announcing the move, according to Bloomberg.
In December, USA Today reported that political analysts had questioned the viability of Bannon’s plans, saying Europe’s most high-profile populist politicians weren’t terribly keen to seek his advice and his efforts to influence the May European parliamentelections faced hurdles due to Europe’s campaign finance laws.
Meanwhile, another of the Brazilian president’s sons, Flavio, who is a senator, has come under media scrutiny for alleged ties to the purported leader of a Rio de Janeiro death squad known as the Crime Bureau, the Guardian reported in January.